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Janina Rahlff (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany) and colleagues published a paper in Nature Communications on how lytic archaeal viruses infect abundant primary producers in Earth’s crust. They used a combination of metagenomics and a technique called virusFISH to show that highly abundant carbon-fixing organisms of the genus Candidatus Altiarchaeum are frequent targets of previously unrecognized viruses in the deep subsurface.