M13 phage nanovaccine study reports antitumor responses in mice

A study in Advanced Materials describes an M13 bacteriophage platform that lets researchers tune antigen density, phage length and immune stimulation for personalized cancer vaccines. In a mouse tumor model, combining the vaccine with anti-PD-1 treatment eliminated established MC-38 tumors in 75% of treated animals. These are preclinical animal results, not evidence of efficacy in people. The paper was published online in August 2025.